Carl Marx Labor Maifesto Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Carl Marx Labor Maifesto - Essay Example Developing countries, such as Africa, also are seeing the formation of this large gap (Kretzmann). This inequality must urgently be addressed before we fall so far into poverty that the lower class will not be able even to survive. To find the solution to this, we must turn to our own history and the concepts of Marxism. Capitalism has been the way for much of the modern world, and it has long been held up as the ultimate solution to economic problems. As Marx and Engels argued in the Communist Manifesto, this solution is not working, and it has not been working for quite some time. Something new must be found to pave a way forward. Marx argued in a time when economics was uncertain and the future of many frightening. We are at this point again, and the systems that have kept us safe are no longer enough. Large businesses and rich men continue to grow in industry, preventing smaller businesses from gaining a foothold or from competing within the market. These large businesses, with their efficiency and research, employ many workers at first; however, as time progresses, technology is developed to undermine their position. The development of more efficient practices, better technology, and streamlined processes all result in the same outcome, a decrease in the number of people employed. Businesses are no longer seeking the best interests of their consumers or their staff. Instead, they are focused only on their own profits, expanding to new markets quickly and removing any competition that stands in their way. For workers, the image is bleak. The more businesses try to cut costs, the less people are hired. Unless something changes, the situation as it stands today will only degrade. A solution must be found and it must be found now. As Marx and Engels argued for the uniting of the workers of the world, so we must once more make this call, too. In the Communist Manifesto, they forwarded the concept of communism, they stated that

Kant and Hobbes Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kant and Hobbes Comparison - Essay Example Both philosophers believe in pragmatism and ethics. But Kant’s practical philosophy is concerned with the unwritten rules that govern human action while Hobbes believes that human actions are directed towards self-interest based on ethical egoism. With this, Hobbes argues that since humans tend to do things based on their self-interest, conflicts may arise when the interest of one overlaps with another or is in opposition to another. This can only be solved if humans allow others to pursue their own self-interest by doing things that will not hamper another’s pursuance of self-interest. That is the only way to resolve the conflict between human actions. Hobbes also argues that the pursuit of self-interest does not mean doing the good thing rather it is maximizing one’s chance to survive or to be happy. This is very different from Kant’s wherein his pursuit of self-interest is based upon what is right, not merely to be happy or to survive. Thus, he pursues the idea of good will. The idea of good will is basically doing what is morally right, so if an action requires injustice or cruelty, then it should be set aside as it is not morally right. Example, if doing a courageous act such as facing a battle in war and the war affects innocent people, then it is not morally right to do so. .... Answering to an invitation, whether we say yes or no, is an imperative of etiquette. It is unethical not to bother answering to an invitation when we look into etiquette. Hobbes’ morality is formed from human nature and empirical conditions rather than categorical imperatives. Kant argues against this as he believes that morality is not pursuance of self-interest rather it is to secure human freedom and equality. Hobbes’ morality is man-made and not God-given. Humans make decisions based on human nature, based on one’s self-interest or the preservation of one’s life, dignity or freedom. On the other hand, Kant’s morality is God-given as it is based solely on moral principles, of doing morally right things and not doing those that opposes good will. Hobbes uses instrumental reason while Kant uses pure practical reason. Kant believes that one’s actions are based on an autonomous will instead of being a slave to one’s passions, as Hobbesà ¢â‚¬â„¢ morality is based upon. For example self-preservation for Kant is a duty, a moral good based on Christian ethics, thus, saying that suicide is a sin. Hobbes will interpret suicide as an immoral thing to do because it does not in any way pursue self-interest to be happy or to survive. This shows that Hobbes sees self-preservation not as a duty rather it is part of the pursuit to survive and to gain happiness and contentment. Let’s take another example in stealing. Stealing, for Kant, is wrong because it is a sin based on Christian ethics, because of categorical imperatives wherein it is immoral because it is not morally right to do so. On the other hand, Hobbes finds stealing as an opposition to the social contract, that is, it steps on another’s pursuit to self-interest, which is protection of one’s